Empowering Independence: A Comprehensive Overview Of Factors Affecting People With Disabilities From 1960 To 2019

Abstract

The authors conducted an extensive review spanning 50 years, from 1960 to 2019, focusing on literature related to aspects of independence for individuals with disabilities. The decisions made over the years to enhance the independence of disabled individuals and facilitate their integration into normal life are explored, alongside peer support, environmental considerations, and community assistance. However, the analysis reveals that true independence can be challenging to achieve when individuals remain reliant on government support and their credibility is questioned. In the early 1960s, parents began receiving guidance and practices for the development of children with disabilities. This approach was refined and formalized in the 1970s to ensure parental involvement in elementary school education. The 1980s and 1990s saw the emergence of peer support programs with a focus on fostering fundamental skills such as reading, math, and social interaction within the classroom. Turning to the examination of environmental and community support from the 2000s to 2019, the goal is to improve the mental well-being of caregivers and facilitate the exchange of information for creating a more functional and manageable life.