Risk Factor Analysis Of Tuberculosis (TB) Transmission A Study To Determine The Sources Of Transmission And The Increasing Number Of Patients In Urban Communities

Abstract

What causes tuberculosis to increase in the community despite the availability of affordable health facilities and free TB drugs. This study aims to determine the dominant risk factors associated with the incidence of TB transmission. This study was conducted in the working area of Pampang Health Centre, Makassar City with a cross sectional study. The number of samples was 91 samples taken by purposive sampling technique. Data results were analysed univariately, bivariately and multivariately on Stata. The results showed that the factors associated with TB transmission were: level of knowledge (p=0.001), close contact (p=0.000), mask use (p=0.004), occupancy density (p=0.000), nutritional status (p=0.001), exposure to CO₂ gas (p=0.000) and exposure to PM_2.5 dust particles (p=0.022). The unrelated factor was personal hygiene (p=0.630). Further analysis with logistic regression showed that knowledge level (OR=10.3, p=0.017, CI.1.50-70.34), close contact (OR=64.5, p=0.000, CI.6.43-647.40), CO₂ gas exposure (OR=15.4, p=0.007, CI.2.09-113.73) and occupancy density (OR=28.8, p=0.007, CI.3.91-212.73) were more significant risk factors for TB transmission with a probability value of 99.6%. The most dominant risk factor is close contact, so it is necessary to increase education about TB, fulfil adequate nutrition, improve physical housing, and conduct case-contact tracing to avoid case loss and transmission risk.