Photobiomodulation Therapy In Regenerative Endodontics: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) have emerged as a promising approach to restore the vitality and function of the dental pulp, particularly in immature permanent teeth. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been proposed as an adjunctive treatment to enhance the outcomes of REPs by modulating the biological responses of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and promoting tissue regeneration. This comprehensive review aims to explore the current knowledge and applications of PBMT in the field of regenerative endodontics. The review will discuss the mechanisms of action of PBMT on DPSCs, including its effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. The potential benefits of PBMT in various stages of REPs, such as disinfection, scaffold preparation, and pulp-dentin complex regeneration, will be highlighted. Additionally, the review will critically evaluate the available evidence from preclinical and clinical studies, identify gaps in the current literature, and provide recommendations for future research directions. By synthesizing the existing knowledge, this review seeks to provide a better understanding of the role of PBMT in advancing regenerative endodontics and its potential to improve clinical outcomes in patients with immature teeth and pulpal necrosis.